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What is NSDI?

Spatial data have for centuries been interpreted and visualized on analogue maps, which until recently have been the main means of assistance during perception, understanding and orientation of objects and events in space. The appearance and development of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) opened new possibilities of managing spatial data and their characteristics.

Through the development of new products and services, new economic and market branches are also being developed, including new generations of knowledge and experts with new ideas.
 
Further development of information and communication technologies, development of spatial databases, possibilities of publishing, visualizing and distribution of data through the internet brings with it new demands on spatial data.

Awareness of a need for data to be standardized so that it can be more easily used by users, in order to promote faster and more efficient development of economic regions, and financial savings that can be realized in this process place new demands on spatial data. In order to speed up development in the field of spatial data, Europe has launched the INSPIRE initiative, linking national spatial data infrastructures.

Due to its core value, almost all economic and scientific branches have a need for spatial data, therefore spatial data, their management, exchange and use present one of the basis for the development of society.

For this reason, the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) is defined as a set of technologies, measures, standards, implementation rules, services, human resources and other factors enabling efficient integration, management and maintenance of the sharing of spatial data, which will be an integral part of the European Spatial Data Infrastructure defined by the INSPIRE Directive.


NSDI gives the basis for discovery, viewing and use of spatial data within government bodies, in the economic, non-commercial and public sectors, the academic community and citizens in general.

The implementation of the INSPIRE Directive and NSDI is a collection of layered processes in society, which are sometimes not all easily considered; but some of them are: construction of the public sector information, new possibilities for development of services/products and markets, change of administrative-management relations and other.

The development of NSDI will have a direct or indirect influence on a number of social relationships; from economic and legal relations to educational relations, influence on social relations and other.
 
The Croatian NSDI has to be harmonized with the development of spatial data infrastructures on the European (INSPIRE) and global (GSDI, UN-GGIM) levels, but beside the development at national levels, it has to influence the development of spatial data infrastructures at a local level.

NSDI includes establishing:
  • spatial data sources
  • metadata system
  • network services and technologies
  • implementation rules, agreements on spatial data sharing, exchange, access and use
  • terms of use 
  • coordination and monitornig  mechanisms
  • processes and procedures
  • NSDI Geoportal
  • human resources 

Visions of the Croatian NSDI are:
  • make existing spatial data available to all interested users,
  • become a means for development and a goal of the Croatian spatial data market,
  • harmonize the policy, technical standards and operational capabilities of the NSDI with European principles,
  • become an integral part of the e-Government program,
  • develop a well organized geoinformational community in the sense of open public-private-academic partnership.

Main goals of the Croatian NSDI are:
  • supporting domestic economic development,
  • improve the basics of good management,
  • fulfill criteria for accession to the EU.

The Law on National Spatial data infrastructure (NN 56/2013) defines the basic principles of establishing NSDI in the Republic of Croatia. The chapter concerning NSDI within the above stated Law is harmonized with the INSPIRE directive, which is fully integrated into the Croatian legislature.

Spatial data enveloped by the NSDI is spatially determined (georeferenced) data define by themes:

Annex I:
  1. Coordinate reference systems
  2. Geographical grid systems
  3. Geographical names
  4. Administrative units
  5. Addresses
  6. Cadastral parcels
  7. Transport networks
  8. Hydrography
  9. Protected sites
  10. Data on mines suspected area

Annex II:
  1. Elevation
  2. Land cover
  3. Orthoimagery
  4. Geology

Annex III:
  1. Statistical units
  2. Buildings
  3. Soil
  4. Land use
  5. Human health and safety
  6. Utility and governmental services
  7. Environmental monitoring facilities
  8. Production and industrial facilities
  9. Agriculture and aquaculture facilities
  10. Population distribution - demography
  11. Area management /restriction /regulation zones and reporting units
  12. Natural risk zones
  13. Atmospheric conditions
  14. Meteorological geographical features
  15. Oceanographic geographical features
  16. Sea regions
  17. Bio-geographical regions
  18. Habitats and biotopes
  19. Species distribution
  20. Energy resources
  21. Mineral resources